Definition

Blepharospasm is a neurological condition that causes involuntary blinking or forceful squeezing shut of the eyelids. These spasms can last for seconds or minutes and may occur repeatedly throughout the day. In severe cases, blepharospasm can completely close the eyelids for extended periods, making it difficult or impossible to see.

Cause

The exact cause of blepharospasm is unknown, but it is thought to be related to abnormal activity in the basal ganglia, a part of the brain responsible for controlling muscle movements. It can occur on its own (primary blepharospasm) or in conjunction with other conditions like facial dystonia (Meige syndrome). Factors like stress, fatigue, and bright lights can trigger or worsen blepharospasm.

Treatment

Treatment options for blepharospasm focus on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. They may include medications like muscle relaxants or botulinum toxin injections, neurorehabilitative therapy with blinking exercises, and in severe cases, surgery.

Disclaimer: Please consult a neurologist or ophthalmologist for diagnosis and treatment of blepharospasm.